Method and apparatus for completing pressed blown ware or blown ware



May 10, I932. R J; BEATTY 1,357,492

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR COMPLETING PRESSED BLOWN WARE- OR'BLOWN WARE Original Filed Sept. 20.1927 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

INVENTOR Eoberfd 586')? A TTORNEY,

May 10, 1932 R. J. BEATTY METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR COMPLETING PRESSED BLOWN WARE OR BLOWN WARE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Original Filed Sept. 20, 1927 VII ,4 ALLA??? IN V ENTOR. Eober/ J fieaff v.

' ATTORNEY.

Patented May 10, 1932 s ren rAres PATENT ToFFIce Bonner a. BEATTY, or COLUMBUS, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE FEDERAL GLASS COMPANY,

or COLUMBUS, OHIO, A CORPORATION or onto METHODVAND APrARArUs non COMPLETING rnnssnn BLOWN WARE 0R BLOWN WARE Original application filed September 20, 1927, Serial No. 220,674. Divided November 21, 1927.

the treatment 'of the blown blank which results in the conversion of this blown blank into the finished article.

This is a division of my application for Letters Patent, Serial No. 220,674, filed September 20, 1927.

In the past, the usual method of treating the blown blank to convert it into the finished article has consisted in passing it through alehr and then subjecting it to a series of operations by relatively independent units which are each manually fed with the articles inprogressive stages. Usually, there is a device fed manually for severing the cap from the blownarticle which frequently takes the form of a means for rotating the blown blank in contact with a. thin cracking flame at the desired point of'severance. After the cap falls off, the tumbler is manually introduced into a grinder which grinds theedges thereof. Then, the ware is manually fed to a melting or glazing machine. After this, it is manually fed to a lehr to minimize the strains set up in the'meltingand glazing apparatus. It is obvious that, in this process, there is a Very great amount of handling of the article with aconsequent high labor cost.

Other processes have been devised in an effortto decrease the number of necessary operationsbut these have been attendedby comparatively slight success. operations, the usual'fiame crack-off device has been replaced by an acetylene or hydrogen crack-oif apparatus which is semiautomatic but whichmust be manipulated by an operator. This device is supposed to render grinding of the edges of the tumbler unnecessary, but, inlpractice, a large percentage of the articles must be reground.

My invention is aimed 'at'the development of a process which will entirely'eliminate the necessity cracking-off of the tops, and the fire polishing of the ware and which will, at the same time, reduce the steps of operation. Furthermore, my aim is to rearrange "these steps of In one of these for manual intervention during the and this application filed Serial No. 234,782. 5

operation in such a way rior product with lessloss from breakage,

In one form, my invention contemplates as to produce a supethe taking of the blown blanks as they leave I a conventional lehr through which they are fed for a period of time and under such'conditions that the strain set up in themaking Will be removed therefrom, After the articles are taken from the conventional lehr, I

transfer them, either manually or automati- After leaving the severing unit, the blanks,

removed, are conveyed autowith the caps matically upon the same conveying unit to and through a glazing and melting unit. After leaving this glazing and melting unit upon the conveyer, they may be transferred to a. second lehr which may be of the same,

type as the first lehr and which serves the purpose of removing the strains set up in the articles in their passage through the glazing and melting unit.

The apparatus which I preferably use in performing my process is shown in the accompanying drawings wherein similarcharacters of referencedesignate corresponding parts and wherein: f

Figure 1 is a perspective view of my flame crack-off and melting and glazing apparatus embodying the conveying unit for conducting the blanks to and through them.

Figurev 2 is a perspective view, partly broken-away, of my flame crack-ofl unit.

Figure 3-is an end view, partly in section, of the device shown in Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a sectional view showing the air finger which I preferably utilize for'blowing the several caps from the blanks.

' removing the severed caps crack-off unit, from which melting action.

7 .8 and is substantially as follows:

form of device for from the blanks.

Figure 6 is a detailed view illustrating the supporting wires of the device and the fingers which project into the cap opening and move them along the supporting Wires.

In the drawings, the preferred embodiment of my invention is shown in Figure 1 Figure 5 is a modified as comprising an endless chain conveyer 1 that is driven by a sprocket 2 and passes around the sprockets 8, 4 and 5. It receives the blown blanks, that have been taken from aconventional lehr, at station A and conducts them in the direction of the arrows to a flame crack-0E unit 6. It. will be noted that the 1 crack-offunit 6 is located some distance from the point where the blanks are taken from a lehr and placed on the conveyer 1, namely, at station A. The space on the conveyor 1 between station hand the crack-off unit 6 is termed the cooling zone and is necessary in that the blank must be sufliciently cool when it arrives at the crack-off station so that the crack-off flame may set up the necessary cracking strain.- It conductsthese blown blanks through this crack-off unit 6, which may be-covered if desired, under subjection to burner crack-off members which will be hereafter described in detail. Mechanism is provided, as will also be described, for causing rotation of these blanks while under jection to the crack-off flame.

After'leaving the crack-off unit 6, these blanks with the severed caps thereon pass into subjection to a finger of air which blows each cap into a waste chute 7 If desired, means ,may be provided, between the end of the the glass articles emerge, and the finger of air for chilling the glass articles at the line at which the tops are severed therefrom, to insure positive removal of the tops from the article.

After the blanks, with the caps removed, havelpassed beyond the air finger, they pass into and through a glazing and melting unit 8. p This glazing and melting .unit may be of a'nysuitable form. It serves to glaze and fire polishthe glassware and melts andsmooths the top edges of the article. f

After. the articles leave the glazing and melting unit, they are preferably removed at or near station 13 andmaybe sent through an annealing lehr. 'Thisannealing lehr may be substant1ally the same asthe annealing lehr through which the articles passbefore being subjected to the crack-off and glazing and 7 It serves to remove the strains which have been'set up in the articles in their passag'e through the glazing and melting unit and in other ways.

, The crack-off un1t may vary as to form but the detailed construction of the form which I have shown is disclosed best in Figures 2 and Such crack-0H unit consists of a frame '9,

sub 7 ment of the same.

supported thereby. Such made in two parts, connected together at their lower ends and so formed as to have an opening 10 between the upper edges thereof when the frame parts are in assembled relation. Each part of the frame is provided with angle iron ways coaster bearings 12, that are rigidly mounted upon the spindles 13. One part of the frame 9 carries a rack 14. The spindles 13 are rotatable in bushings 15 that are driven or otherwise inserted into the joints between the links of the conveyer chain 1, and these bushings form a bearing surface for such spindles. A pinion gear 16 is rigidly mounted upon the lower end of each pinion in such position as to mesh with the rack 14 and rotate the spindle. Mounted upon each spindle immediately above the joints made in connecting the links and immediately below the cup 17, which is-rigidly mounted upon the extreme. upper end of each spindle, is a spool 18. The spool 18 makes a sufiiciently tight fit with the opening 10 in the frame 9 to prevent lateral movement or wobbling'of the spindle as it passes through the cutting unit.

11 upon, which travel the Horizontal supports 19 support the burners inner spaces of the burners 20.

Guides 25 disposed on each side of the castmgs or plates 22 prevent lateral or vertical movement of the castingsor plates while 6305 permitting horizontal lon itudinal adjust- Such orizontal longitudinal adjustment is controlled by means of the screw bolts .26 that are threaded into the castings or plates 22 as shown in ure 3. t The outer ends of the screw bolts 26 are provided with-collars 27 and '28 which are so disposed on the screw bolts to embrace the plates 29, rigidly attached to the frame 9, when the screw bolts are disposed 1315 in'slots therein. Such construction permits rotation of the screw bolts but prevents horizontal longitudinal movement of such bolts. therefore, permits in and out adjustment of the castings or plates 22 and the burners adjustment will move the. nozzles 24% towards and away from the tumblers or similar glass articles carried by the conveyer.

The burners 20 are made up of adouble row of burner castings, one row on each side of the line of travel of the tumblers or smular glass articles, and each castmgis' equipped .with. a row of burner nozzles 24 as hereinbefore described. Also, a small bafile 30 is it e ' placed end to end attached to a block respect to the articles being preferably provided in each of the burner castings to distribute the incoming gases evenly throughout the interior of the burner casting. Each row of burner castings preferably consists of a plurality of such castings that are preferably the same as to length, on one of the supports 19 and each separate burner casting is preferably independent of the others as far as fuel control is concerned. However, it will be understood that each row of burner castings may consist of any desired number of burner castings and these may be dependent upon each other in the matter of fuel con trol if such construction is desired.-

The air finger cap remover is best shown in Figure 4 of the drawings and'is constructed as follows: A tripping mechanism is mounted upon a vertical support 31 and such tripping mechanism is preferably made adjustable as to vertical position on this support. The tripping mechanism preferably comprises a tripping arm 32 that is fulcrumed to an arm 33 as at 34. The outer end of the tripping arm is so positioned that it will contact with the spindles 13 on the conveyer 1 and the opposite end of this tripping arm is valve stem 85- which forms a part of thevalve 36. .When the tripping arm 32 contacts with the spindle 13 and ismoved forwardly, the valve 36 will be pulled open and constant air under pressure will be permitted to flow through the pi'pe'37 past the valve 36 and through the pipe 38 to contact with the severed top of the-tumbler'or similar glass article in the conveyer. As clearly shown in Figure 4, the constant air under tumblers or similar glass articles at the into the chute 7 or some other receptacle in the manner shown in this figure. .As also shown in Figure 4, the constant air pipe 38 passes through oris pivotally attached. to a 39, which block is adjustable on the vertical support 31 so as to bring the pipe 38 to the height required to blow the tops from the glass articles of various sizes and into the chute 7 or other receptacle. The angle at which the air strikes the caps may be regulated by moving the attaching point 38.

In order that the burner elements '20 may beadjusted to exactly the proper height with conveyed through the cutting unit, I have provided graduated scales 40 which are rigidly attached to the castings or plates 22 and extend perpendicularly upward therefrom. As is clearly shown pipe about its. pivotal l in Figure 2 of the drawings, the burner elements 20 may be adjusted so that the nozzles 24 will impinge a flame at exactly that line on the glass articles at which the top is to be cracked off. This is accomplished by raising or lowering the supports 19 until the lugs 41 pressure striking the tops of the veyer track by hand.

nor: 7

An endless belt 42, made of some suitable material, passing around pulley wheels 43 and 44, has wire fingers 45 mounted thereon at spaced intervals as shown in Figure 5. These Wire fingers 45 are preferably straight and p are adapted to pass along a path substantiallyin the center of a. conveyer track which is made up of two wires 46 and 47 supported in preferably constructed in the following mansome well-known manner above the tumblers or. similar glass articles on the endless chain conveyer. Such conveyer track is preferably inclined upwardly as shown in Fig. ure 5.

In the operation of this device, the conveyertrack, made up of wires 46 and 47, is disposed beneath the top edges of the caps of the tumblers or similar glass articles as shown in Figure 6. As the tops are severed in the passage of the blanks through the cutting unit they are prevented from falling and are then lifted from the glass articles by the upwardly extending. conveyer track. At substantially thesame time that the tumblers or similar glass articles enter the cutting unit the wire fingers45 traveling on the conveyer i belt 42 enter the tops of the articles asshown in Figure 5. After they are lifted entirely away'from the body of thetumbler or simi-- lar glass articles the tops may be carried to a chute or other receptacle by the wire conveyer track or maybe removed from the con- The term crack-oft unit may be understood asdefininga unit of any suitable form in which a series offiames, hot enough to set up a'- cra'cking strain along a not hot enough to melt the glass, are used.

Havingthus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. The method of completing wareof the type described which'comprises severing the caps from the blanks and then blowing the caps off of such blank; v I

2. Themethod of completing ware of the type described which comprisessevering the caps from the blanks, and-removing these caps from the blanks by air under pressure. q

13. The method of completing ware of the typedescribed which comprises severing the caps from the blanks, removing these caps by airunder pressure, and then passing the blanks through a melter. i

selected line but jet of air against the necks of said tops to blow such tops from the articles. 7

6. Apparatus for removing the tops from articles of glassware comprising a means for severing the tops from said articles and means for removing the tops therefrom, said last-named means embodying an intermittently operated jet of air. r V V 7.. Apparatus for removing the tops from articles'of glassware comprising ameans for severlng the tops from said articles and means for removing the-tops therefrom, said last-named means embodymg an upwardly inclinedet of air. I

8. The method of completing glassware comprising placing a hot blankon a conveyer at a predetermined distance from the crack-off station to allow for cooling there of, severing the top from such blank, removing the said severed top by air under pressure, and then conveying said blank through 7 severlng ing unit. I v V V g V ,13. Apparatus for completing glassware cap from a melter.

9. The method'of completing ware of the type described which comprises severing the a blank by a crack-offbeat, blowing the severed cap off such blank, and then passing said blank through a melting unit.

10. Apparatus for removing the tops from articles of glassware comprising a conveyer having a means tor-severing thetops from said glass articles, and a positive fluidcayiremoving means in association therewith.

11. Apparatus for completing glassware comprising an endless conveyerfrneans for the tops from articles otglassware, said means embodying burner elements disposed on opposite sides of the path of travel ofsaid articles of glassware, and means adj a: cent said burner elements for removing said severed tops, said last-named means comprismg air under pressure.

12. Apparatus for'removing the tops? from articles-of glassware comprising an endless conveyor, a crack-oil unit'for severing tops, means comprismg a et ofair under pressure 'ofi unit, a fluid cap removing means and a melter. 15. The method of finishing an article of glassware which comprises crac ing off the cap therefrom bya flame crack-off, removing the cracked-oil cap byair under pressure, and firepolishing thesevered edge of said article of glassware while continuously conveying said article of glassware without stoppage during the entire finishing process.

16. The methodof completingtware ofthe type described which comprises conveying the blanks bodily through a crack-off flame in substantially upright position while simultaneously rotating said blanks and blowing the cracked off caps fi'omsaid blanks.

17 Apparatus for removing excess material from glass blanks comprising an endless conveyor, a series of blank supporting members on saidconveyon-means .for im; pinging each one of a series of pin points of flame upon each blank at the line at which the cracking oil is desired as they are transported by said conveyor, said pin points of flame being spaced so as to effect an alternate heating and cooling of the blanks along the cracking-oft line, means for rotating said blanks as they are transported under subjection to the saidseries of spaced pin points of flame, and means for blowing off the cracked ofl portion fromsaid' blanks as they are carried'onwar'd1y by said conveyor.

18. 'Apparatus forremoving excess material fromglass blanks comprising an endless conveyor, a series of blank supporting members on said conveyor, means for" impingingeachone of a series'of pin points of flame upon each blank at the'line at which cracking ofli is'desired as they are transported by saidconveyor, said pin points of flame being spaced soas to efl'ectan alternate heat ing and cooling of the blank along the cracking oil line, means for rotating said blanks as they are transported under subjection to the said series of spaced pin points of flame, means for blowing off the cracked-off portion' from said blanks a's'they are carried onwardlyby said conveyor, and means for finishing the'edges of said blanks-by applying flames thereto while the blanks continue in theircourse of travel.

In testimony whereof I hereby allix my signature-i v e I 1 ROBERT J. BEATTY;

for removing said severed tops, and a meltcomprising an endless conveyer having: cup- 14. Apparatus for completing articles of I glassware comprising a continuously mov- I 7 mg, one level,"art1cle conveyer,a flame oracle 

